Tornadoes Over Tulsa At Night May 20th, 2019 11,994 views May 21, 2019 139 Dislike Share Save soccermisfit1 313 subscribers This is the second of two circulation features which went over. Photogenic and plains-like supercell, part of a multi-day montage of mothership storms. Particularly photogenic haboob that traveled around 200 miles across the Sonoran Desert. @CSWRDOW #tTWIRL #okwx pic.twitter.com/sCquPobT48, Preliminary data from RaXPol of the Mangum, OK tornado yesterday. May 20th, 2019 SPC 1630z day tornado probabilities An outbreak of tornadoes, some potentially long-track and violent, is expected today into this evening over portions of northwest Texas into western and central Oklahoma. Widespread flash flooding began Monday afternoon and was still under way on Tuesday. ERA5 has a bias toward cool surface temperatures and weak buoyancy. Severe weather outlook for May 20th 2019 as issued, Meteorologists in the NWS Norman office. Parts of Arkansas, Missouri, andOklahoma were under tornado warnings and flooding threats early Tuesday morning as I write this article. For example, the wealth of computer model runs issued before the event can be compared with data from special efforts like the TORUS field campaign, to figure out what the models did and didnt capture ahead of time. Particularly photogenic tornado from well-structured supercell. Data is our film room.. Probability of damaging thunderstorm winds or wind gusts of 50 knots or higher within 25 miles of a point. Highly technical indexes such as supercell composite and significant tornado parameter were approaching extreme values. EF3 tornado that was largely unanticipated. Mondays meteorological setup in and around Oklahoma for severe weather, including the potential for violent tornadoes, prompted a burst of high-end outlooks that were startling even for Tornado Alley. May 20, 2019 < May 19, 2019 May 21, 2019 > SVR Reports; Preliminary Reports: Obs and Mesoanalysis; Obs and Mesoanalysis: Upper-Air Analyses; 925 mb: 12z 00z: . Schools and colleges in central Oklahoma were closed for the day, not only out of safety concerns for the sheltering in place but also because of vulnerable bus routes. Go to: 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |. The meteorological ingredients (instability, wind shear, lifting mechanisms) were certainly in place to produce numerous tornadoes, flooding, and hail. Part of a large-scale outbreak of tornadoes. However, it is important to realize that storms are not entertainment or games. Evaluating the impact of false alarms on public responses to tornado alerts in the Southeastern United States was just published in the journal, Weather, Climate and Society. Snow totals of 3" to 7" were widespread from Denver to Boulder. 5 segundos ago 0 Comments 0 Comments Long-tracked EF4 tornado, part of a local outbreak of intense tornadoes in the ArkLaTex. We weren't that far off.. Perhaps even more curiously however, many of the storms that had developed along the dryline to our west were beginning to cluster together rather than remaining largely discrete as indicated by the models. May 23, 2008: Quinter, Kansas EF4 wedge tornado, part of an infamous outbreak of tornadoes across western Kansas. Login . (624 Miles) May 12, 2022 - 80-90 MPH Straight line winds in a fast moving Derecho near Huron, SD (1585 Miles) May 18, 2019. Canadian, TX tornado - May 23 2019. We got south and ahead of a tornado warned storm near Paducah, Texas just as the first of what we expected to be multiple tornadoes touched down. Particularly photogenic tornado, part of a cold-core outbreak of tornadoes across south/central NE. Photogenic and dusty tornado that weaved through a field of wind turbines. EF3 tornado, part of the Groundhog Day Florida tornado outbreak. My parents, terrified, approached me to ask me what I thought of the video. Another strong wave will emerge from the low on Thursday, and a moist tropical air mass is in place to resurge northward, so our next major ramp-up in severe weather is likely to take shape from Texas to Kansas. Having said all of that, the reality is that false alarms are a challenge in weather messaging (or are they?) Massive high-precipitation mothership supercell. The proclamation quickly became a lead story among the major news outlets. The corridor of activity closely matched the moderate- and high-risk areas outlooked by SPC the night before (see below). For the period from 7 am CDT Monday to 7 am Tuesday, the NOAA/NWS Storm Prediction Center (SPC) had logged at least 26 tornado reports by Tuesday afternoon, along with 80 reports of severe wind (4 of those higher-end significant reports), and 87 reports of severe hail (14 of those significant). While the rest of my chase group went to sleep, I stayed up until the new SPC day one outlook. Just another site may 20, 2019 tornado bust. The forecast wasnt a total bust by any means. View What is a Watch? Take control of your data. Cyclic tornadic supercell that produced 17 tornadoes up to EF4 across northwest Iowa. We were flabbergasted, as it was in theoretically the best environment for the genesis of violent tornadoes the planet had seen in many years. The HRRR and NAM showed an extraordinary day with many, May 6, 2019 - Severe Storms in central KS including tornadic supercell at night north of Greensburg. Theres a constant breeze. Cyclic supercell that produced multiple tornadoes (rated up to EF3) and later acquired a particularly photogenic mothership structure, part of an anomalous and Plains-like severe weather outbreak for the area. As the storm continued tracking to the northeast, we had a choice to make in order to keep up with it: we could either go north then east or take a little more time and go east then north. . In general (especially prior to 2021), RAP has a bias toward warm, dry surface conditions and weak low-level shear, especially on drier days. Widely-photographed cone tornado produced by nearly stationary supercell. If you are using the metrics of 45% coverage of tornadoes or long-track, violent tornadoes, then the Monday outbreak probably doesnt meet that threshold. It had the smell. A new study entitled Cry wolf effect? "I have a lot of hypotheses, but no answers," said Marsh. A series of two almost mirror-image photogenic mothership supercells, both of which produced tornadoes. In the latter of the two, the feel was absolutely undeniable. Staff photo. RAP may also feature unrealistic low-level moisture distributions, such as high surface dewpoints in otherwise dry boundary layers. As noteworthy as the days severe weather was, it wasnt as extensive as what many short-range models had predicted, and it probably didnt match up with many residents expectations of more widespread calamity. May 20, 2019. Preliminary reports of tornadoes (red Ts), thunderstorm wind damage or high winds (blue Ws) and large hail (green Hs) by day from May 17-May 27, 2019. A brief tornado had apparently already occurred while we were still west of Childress . But there is nothing that gets chasers blood flowing like seeing the issuance of a high risk for tornadoes. Drawing on my earlier research days attempting to grow mathematically simulated, intense thunderstorms on a Cray supercomputer, I can attest to the nonlinearity of the atmosphere: Very slight changes in the thermodynamic environment of a storm can have disproportionately large profoundly large impacts on the response of cloud systems, most notably the vigor and depth of cloud updrafts. They very much hoped I'd be scared straight to the point of wanting to cancel the trip. Particularly photogenic tornadoes from a rather atypical cold core-like setup for the area. As May 19th rolled on however, subsequent model runs across multiple high-resolution modeling platforms began to show considerable inter- and intra-model consistency in a solution similar to that initial HRRR forecast. Every Friday we would get paired up with a third grader who would read us a book. Particularly cyclic, stationary supercell with reports of over 12 tornadoes (up to EF2) occurring in rapid succession, many simultaneously. What came out next blew us away: 45% hatched tornado probability from the Texas Panhandle extending east into Oklahoma. A pair of large and intense tornadoes, both rated EF2, that formed in quick succession, narrowly missing the KGWX radar. Please read Just as the motion was starting to become rather impressive, we realized we had to move to avoid being outflanked. Much of the Texas Panhandle and nearly all of Oklahoma dodged a serious bullet. As the mid-level jet ejects northeastward across the southern High Plains this afternoon and evening, a tornado outbreak is likely across the southern Plains. Hatched Area: 10% or greater probability of EF2 - EF5 tornadoes within 25 miles of a point. Additional cases will be added. In the delicate balance of this decision lies the potential for disconnect between forecast models and reality, and the subtle nuances of processes governing convective storms. These challenges highlight why the emergence of social science research on communication, psychology, sociology, and geography is so important. MOORE, Okla. - Six years ago, a devastating EF-5 tornado hit Moore, killing more than 20 people, including children. Slow-moving EF4 wedge tornado lasting over 90 minutes, often referred to as Bennington II. Particularly photogenic mothership supercell. Many meteorologists saw this as a rare combination of extremes, by late May standards, that would trigger a swarm of rotating thunderstorms or supercells, unfolding in several rounds from early afternoon through late evening. Forgot your password? Long-tracked, EF5 wedge tornado that killed 9 people, part of an outbreak of tornadoes across the central Plains. One of several weakly-rated but photogenic tornadoes. The main concern for me is that we have become a culture that frowns upon preparing for the worst and nothing happens. Great seeing storms struggle around Oklahoma City today. Photogenic EF1 tornado that damaged parts of town. ET, May 23, 2019 Weak, photogenic tornado that served as the consolation prize for storm chasers in a High Risk event that many regarded as a bust.. I get it. I have ideas from deep professional/scientific experience. It had the feel. Numerous Severe Thunderstorm Warnings were issued, along with Tornado Warnings. Probability of a tornado within 25 miles of a point. Tornado (cyclic) May 20, 2019: Mangum, Oklahoma: Tornado (EF2, wedge, hp) May 22, 2019: Jefferson City, Missouri: Part of a High Risk event regarded by some as a Recovery is ongoing. . I call this worst-case scenario bias. By the way, a few weeks ago my family had to rush to the basement because of a Doppler radar-indicated tornado. In a new weather.com clip, Ari Salsalari and I discuss Monday's forecast and why it didn't quite pan out as expected. From a messaging standpoint, many people already feel that weather is hyped. This was Level 5 out of 5, the high-risk category for a widespread, major severe weather outbreak that included large and destructive hail, destructive winds, and tornadoes, some potentially long-track and violent.. A curiosity was sparked that has not faded to this day. The last time a 45% tornado outlook was issued was during the Tornado Outbreak in Oklahoma and Kansas on 14 April 2012. Long-tracked EF4 tornado that became the third widest on record at 2.25 miles, and killed 8 people. Realizing quickly that storms werent moving nearly as fast as expected, we shot back south towards Childress. Wedge tornado produced by high-precipitation supercell, with recorded winds up to 212 mph, though rated an EF2. One of the longest-lived tornadoes on record, lasting 2.5 to 3 hours, rated EF2 (though likely stronger), a wedge tornado from a high-precipitation supercell. Massive and particularly photogenic mothership supercell. May 20, 2019 Tornado which made what was likely the first recorded tornadic sonic boom upon dissipation. The wind shear was very impressive, as was the rotational potential conveyed in those low-level winds. This did not actually happen! Known as the lawnmower man tornado, thanks to a viral and nonchalant photo. It was really starting to get real. The Weather Companys primary journalistic mission is to report on breaking weather news, the environment and the importance of science to our lives. The realities of false alarms. Well-defined debris signature w/ strong couplet representative of significant tornado. Particularly photogenic tornado, the first of multiple (up to EF3) from a cyclic supercell. An enhanced risk was in place Tuesday afternoon for eastern Missouri and northeast Arkansas on Tuesday afternoon, with a slight risk bending back toward eastern Kansas. EF2 tornado, one of multiple photogenic tornadoes from a cyclic supercell. After having it read to me just once, I was hooked. At times, there seems to be a disappointment factor if nothing happens, and there was preparation. Aside from the occasional burst of wind and clap of thunder, we don't exactly get much in the way of interesting severe weather. It is this that leads me to continue to head out to the plains each year in hopes that I'll get to take in Mother Nature's most explosive scenery. A few tornadoes (up to EF2, though likely stronger) occurring primarily from the same supercell in rapid succession (with a brief period of two simultaneous tornadoes), part of a local outbreak in and around the Texas panhandle. Monday, 20 May 2019 could be a higher-end severe weather day. @NWSAmarillo #phwx pic.twitter.com/PfVTZ335Hr. A thin layer of warm air about two to three miles aloft flowed across the high-risk area from the deserts of northern Mexico and southwest Texas. Long-tracked EF4 tornado, part of a prolific QLCS that produced multiple intense tornadoes simultaneously. Moreover, this resulted in a daily average of 19.8 . Long-lived EF2 tornado from an HP supercell with northwest flow. While the threat level was obviously apparent given the impressive parameters modeled to be in place over the moderate risk area, the excitement began to truly build in earnest when the extended range High Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model showed a 36-hour forecast that featured what seemed like an army of likely tornadic supercell thunderstorms in a nearly pristine thermodynamic and kinematic environment. In fact, NOAAs Storm Prediction Center(SPC)tweeted that morning: The latest forecast from SPC has increased the tornado probabilities from 30% to 45% from northwest Texas into central Oklahoma. An outbreak of Violent tornadoes was expected. Photogenic and well-structured supercell. Long-tracked EF4 tornado, part of the Super Tuesday Outbreak. Ironically, caps can be key ingredients in explosive storm development too. They reported that roughly 75% of tornado warnings in the U.S. are false alarms. Often regarded as the gold standard for dust storms for the Phoenix area. SPC warning coordination meteorologist Patrick Marsh also pondered the day's perplexities on Twitter. The event highly resembled, at least in HRRR model space, high-impact Dixie Alley events where strong to violent tornadoes are more common than anywhere else in the world. A majority of the May 2019 tornadoes occurred over many of the Central Plains and Midwestern states in three multi-day events (May 17-18, May 20-22 and May 26-29). Massive, long-lived, high-precipitation supercell that produced a few tornadoes and very large hail. It was in an incredible environment after all. Your email address will not be published. Our weather forecasts continue to improve as our technology and understand advance but tornado forecasting is still hard. Texas State record hailstone measured at 6.4 diameter, produced by a particularly massive supercell storm. They (generally) dont just pop up out of nowhere, and with the rise of social media consequent with the popularization of storm chasing as a quasi-mainstream hobby, no big day goes unnoticed in the days leading up. This tornado outbreak was the state's costliest, clocking in around $2 billion. DEBRIS WAS OBSERVED IN THE ASSOCIATED RADAR . Nearly 2.5-hour duration EF3 tornado from high-precipitation supercell, the longest-tracked tornado recorded in Wisconsin. pic.twitter.com/JQLisTVZZs. June? 3-6 hours difference is what saved Oklahoma today. #okwx @NWSNorman pic.twitter.com/gzvOQv75ON, Tornado damage and path visible in fields from outskirts of Mangum, OK #OKWX #Tornado pic.twitter.com/RybNPXaImP. The professionals are in a very tough position, having to carefully evaluate and balance two ends of a spectrum: miss a critical forecast for widespread, severe storms and many lives could be unnecessarily lost, vs. over-forecast an event and face criticism and potential loss of credibility for the next go-round. Hype or hope? We started making our way south towards Childress, Texas with the expectation that storms would develop and become tornadic by mid-morning a truly rare event in and of itself. As the circulation approached our position, the road turned parallel to its track, allowing us a perfect view of the incredible tornado. SPC noted that This is only the second watch in SPC history where every category of watch probabilities (torn, wind, hail) are at greater than 95%. There was virtual certainty that these things were going to happen, and they actually did. But it was more than enough to get both my father and I hooked for life. Some of the storms were quite narrow, which made them more vulnerable to disruption from the very strong wind shear. Map last updated June 3 in the evening. Its official EF3 rating is widely held as highly controversial. In addition, the May 2019 tornado production was persistent, as 28 of the 31 days in May had at least one tornado reported. EF3 tornado and others from cyclic, high-precipitation supercell. It would seem to be a subtle effect, but the sublime is everything when it comes to the dynamics of tornadic supercells. Long-tracked EF3 tornado, part of an unusual tornado outbreak for the time of year. Long-tracked EF4 tornado that killed 9 people. www awardselect com award select. Eleanor Bowles was discovered dead by her son around 5:30 p.m . There are many factors that likely influence a decision to act on a warning: optimism bias (it wont be as bad as they say), the psychological evaluation of risks vs. cost, geography or lack of trust of the warnings themselves. For that we should all be thankful even us storm chasers who want nothing more than to chase on a day with the feel. It just didnt make sense. Many of meteorologists, including me, pursued weather because of hurricanes, storms or awe-inspiring observations. Just the fourth time in history a 45% probability had been issued and the wording in the discussion was terrifying. Part of the 2011 Super Outbreak. The era of 24/7 news cycles, extreme chaser videos and social media are partly responsible. EF2 and EF3 wedge tornadoes from the same supercell. Learn how your comment data is processed. Modeling studies published in 2008 and 2015 found that smoke intrusions can actually intensify tornado-producing environments. One of multiple tornadoes produced by a cyclic supercell. Why wasnt the tornado outbreak in Oklahoma and Texas as bad as feared? Ive experienced this on a few occasions; May 24th, 2011 and May 31st, 2013 immediately come to mind. This story does not necessarily represent the position of our parent company, IBM. We got well out ahead of the circulation and stopped to get out of the car and watch it approach. Long-tracked and particularly photogenic EF4 tornado. So what happened on Mondayor rather, what didnt happen, and why? According to Edwards, Dedicated scientific forecasters are like best NFL cornerbacks: shake off previous blown coverage, be better next play, but learn from it in film room. One of the most reflective of the meteorologists weighing in on Tuesday was Roger Edwards, a longtime SPC forecaster who was on duty early Monday. On Monday May 20th, I personally watched tornado polygons illuminate my weather radar screen much of the day. Meteorologists who had stressed the extreme nature of the threat on Monday found themselves with a whole different communication challenge on Tuesday: how to explain a catastrophe that almost but didnt quite happen. A large, powerful low pressure system moved up across . Sign Up EF3 tornado that killed 7 people in a town with no siren system. EF4 tornado, part of an outbreak of tornadoes in the Southeast U.S. Photogenic and long-lived EF3 tornado that took a particularly abrupt northward jog, narrowly missing downtown. Sometimes the atmosphere humbles even the best forecasters. Possible explanation here in the 21z and 00z weather balloon launch from Norman and you can see substantial warming around 675 hpa. Here's a picture from Cassie Colson of hail up to 5.5" inches in diameter, found in Wellington yesterday, after 3:30 pm. Particularly photogenic and long-lived EF3 tornado with an EF2 satellite tornado. Given the relatively quick storm motion and the now lengthening line of chasers behind us, we were only able to stop for 30 seconds or so at a time to take photos. That first trip was in 2006 and was unforgettable even in a very forgettable year for storms. In the study, 4162 residents of the southeastern U.S. were interviewed. The most honest short answer is we dont know yet, but there are already a few clues. Created and maintained by Cameron Nixon. Our weather forecasts continue to improve as our technology and understand advance but tornado forecasting is still hard. Much to their dismay, my enthusiasm was unwavering; I needed to experience Mother Nature at her fiercest. Long-lived and photogenic supercell that tracked across central MT. Particularly photogenic EF2 tornado, one of multiple (mostly EFU) produced by a few supercells. Last time it was issued was on 07 May 2015. Pair of particularly photogenic tornadoes. We continued on into Mangum as the tornado began to rope out in the form of a tall elephant trunk. I will write about these on occasion, and am most proud of my John Park Finley and Theodore Fujita collections. However, smoke's effects on supercells might actually depend on the particulars of a given weather day, as suggested in a 2014 modeling study. Long-tracked EF5 wedge tornado that killed 9 people. There was such a heightened sense of alert about the storms on Monday. This tornado family killed 65 people, leveled large portions of multiple towns along its path, and along with another tornado this day, stirred controversy over workplace preparedness. This is video from that storm near the town of Mangum, OK. I previously discussed pros and cons of long-lead time outbreak forecasts in. Part of an outbreak of tornadoes across the central Plains. Often regarded as the gold standard for recent dust storms for the west Texas area. Meteorologists seemed awestruck at the tornado outbreaks potential, using terms such as nightmare scenario and a rare kind of event that may take many lives. And a horde of storm chasers converged on Oklahoma, with some hoping the day would bring the chase of a lifetime. For educational use. Required fields are marked *. Slow-moving, nearly stationary at times, EF3 (but likely stronger) wedge tornado regarded with particular fondness by many storm chasers, due to its lasting over an hour with no physical harm done to civilization; also known as Bennington I. The abstract says that very high and very low false alarm rates led to inferior decision making, but that lowering the false alarm rate slightly did not significantly affect compliance or decision quality. These results are counter to previous studies that linked cry wolf with non-compliance to warnings. Particularly cyclic supercell that produced over 20 tornadoes up to EF3 in strength, including two at once at times. Long-lived, heavily rain-wrapped EF4 tornado. This is only the second watch in SPC history where every category of watch probabilities (torn, wind, hail) are at greater than 95%. To me, the atmosphere around us is about the most fascinating thing there is. Stay weather aware this weekend and be prepared for severe weather on Monday if you live in the southern Plains pic.twitter.com/KoDrtPD1zN. An event that was largely a surprise (especially in magnitude) until later in the forecast period. the latest public statement about this event. EF4 wedge tornado, part of an infamous outbreak of tornadoes across western Kansas. May 22, 2008: Windsor, Colorado EF3 wedge tornado, particularly long-tracked, wide, and at an early time of day for the area. As of June 3, 295 twisters have been confirmed* per the hard-working crew over at Wikipedia. EF4 tornado that killed 8 high school students. Long-lived, nearly stationary EF3 wedge tornado. Mobile radars had winds well within the violent category (I know, I know). Photogenic supercell that produced a few tornadoes. Here are three dangers of the word bust in such real-time weather events. Marsh showed atmospheric profiles collected on Monday from Norman, OK, and in the catastrophic 2011 Super Outbreak from Birmingham, AL, and reflected on how similar they were. While waiting for them to mature a bit, we decided to drift a bit east towards Hollis, Oklahoma in order to give ourselves a bit of breathing room once they started rocketing towards us as fully developed, tornadic supercells. This is one possible realization of the May 20, 2019 tornado outbreak, had the run of the High Resolution Rapid Refresh model (HRRR), initialized at 00z on May 20, materialized. EF3 tornado that struck parts of metro New Orleans. But at the same time, it left behind a sense of false alarm, ire that schools were needlessly shut down and a desire to better understand the sometimes fickle nature of weather prediction. The high risk was issued for a 30% probability of significant tornadoes. My Forbes colleague Dennis Mersereaus tweet is spot on: Today, and I cannot stress this enough, is why you dont hype the weather. (709 Miles) May 24, 2022 - Bust down near Brownwood in Central Texas. As we began the trek to get back in front, the storm began to pulse upward and the rotation began to tighten there was hope. We sat in Childress for a couple more hours, waiting to see what the new SPC day one outlook set to come out at 1130 am would show us. Long-tracked EF3 tornado near Plains, and two EF3 tornadoes, including one wedge tornado, in close proximity to Pampa. One-hundred and five of 2019's . EF4 tornado that killed 8 people as part of the Leap Day tornado outbreak. See the weather.com article for the latest on Tuesdays ongoing severe weather and impacts from the outbreak. In a nutshell: Having a tremendous amount of buoyancy available for storm updrafts is one thing, but it needs to be released in a manner so that all that upward acceleration is concentrated low down in the atmosphere so it can amplify the developing rotation inside supercells. There was a high likelihood of a large tornado outbreak across Texas and Oklahoma. Long-tracked EF4 tornado that killed 10 people. A rare PDS outbreak stokes our basic curiosities even as we know the storms could alter lives in an instance. High risks are tremendously rare Ive only chased three in my life; May 24th and 25th, 2011 and now, May 20th, 2019. They had only issued a watch like this once before, and it came on the day of the April 27th, 2011 super outbreak in Dixie Alley the largest tornado outbreak in history. Particularly photogenic low-precipitation supercell. Pair of particularly photogenic LP mothership supercells. With relative ease considering the number of chasers we expected to see, we made it back out onto the main road. EF4 tornado, part of a localized outbreak of tornadoes. We finally got back on the storm in between East Duke and Mangum, Oklahoma. Now a quick scientific opinion: to me, every weather forecast should be formulated and communicated probabilistically using multiple models and model runs (re: ensemble models) in order to best understand the full spectrum of possible outcomes that a particular event might span. A Severe Thunderstorm Watch was issued for the entire county warning area (CWA) late Thursday afternoon. Particularly photogenic EF3 tornado with well-documented and mesmerizing sub-vortex dynamics. Sign In. Pair of photogenic tornadic waterspouts over Lake Michigan. But residents across Oklahoma and portions of Texas were led to anticipate the worst, as the National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center placed the region under the highest threat category of tornado outbreak. The first week, the boy I was paired with came to me with a book about tornadoes. Probability of a tornado within 25 miles of a point. You wake up and notice a distinct difference when you walk outside the air is virtually dripping. Tornado in Mangum, Oklahoma on May 20, 2019More Info:https://www.benholcomb.com/chases/20190520/Contact:ben@bholcomb.com clip. But the feared phalanx of violent tornadoes never materialized. Widest and strongest recorded tornado on Earth, at 2.6 miles wide and 302 mph winds measured by mobile radar, that exhibited particularly erratic motion and killed 8 people, including storm chasers and 3 members of the TWISTEX research team.
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